European Red List of Birds

The European Red List of Birds is a review of the regional extinction risk of all 544 species of birds occurring regularly and naturally in Europe. The assessment, performed by BirdLife International for the fourth time (1994, 2004, 2015 and 2021), follows the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria applied at regional level. Evaluating the extinction risk of each species – i.e., Least Concern, Near Threatened or threatened, and if the latter, to what level – helps to inform decision making, shaping national and international environmental policies and on-the-ground conservation action. The results presented in this report1 are based on data collated by thousands of experts and volunteers from 54 countries and territories across Europe, extending from Greenland, Iceland and Svalbard in the North to the Canary Islands, Malta and Cyprus in the South, and from the Azores in the West to the Caucasus and Ural Mountains in the East. Additional sources such as scientific reports, national atlases and Red Data Books, as well as peer-reviewed literature were also used to make sure the most recent data available were used. The data, compiled in 2019, encompass the 1980-2018 period.