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Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Disasters

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Handbook of Disaster Research

Part of the book series: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research ((HSSR))

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of morbidity and mortality trends associated with a wide range of disasters, including physical as well as mental health effects, that have been documented within and beyond the U.S. The chapter begins with an introduction to morbidity, mortality, and related concepts within the disciplines of public health and epidemiology. The chapter then provides an overview of social vulnerability to disaster morbidity and mortality, which provides a useful lens for understanding and interpreting patterns. Next, morbidity and mortality findings for each of a variety of hazard types are presented, along with data from specific disaster events. Finally, the chapter considers the case of psychological injury and other mental health effects of disasters, followed by a brief discussion of methodological concerns. Concluding remarks summarize overall trends and patterns in disaster related death and injury, and outline future research needs.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The Fujita Scale was introduced in 1971 to rate tornado damage in the U.S., and is used as a proxy for wind speed (Fujita, 1987). It ranges from F-0 to F-5; anything above F-5, or 319 mph, rarely occurs. In February 2007, the U.S. began using a revised version, the Enhanced Fujita scale, which was designed to increase standardization and reduce subjectivity.

  2. 2.

    Nineteen countries were affected by the tsunami: Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Somalia, Maldives, Malaysia, Myanmar, Tanzania, Seychelles, Bangladesh, Kenya, Singapore, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa, Mozambique, Australia, and Antarctica (Peek-Asa et al., 2000).

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Judith Siegel and Megumi Kano for their contributions to a previous version of this chapter.

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  1. California State University, Fullerton, USA

    Michele M. Wood

  2. University of California, Los Angeles, USA

    Linda B. Bourque

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Wood, M.M., Bourque, L.B. (2018). Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Disasters. In: Rodríguez, H., Donner, W., Trainor, J. (eds) Handbook of Disaster Research. Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63254-4_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63254-4_18

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-63254-4

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