Whole-genome sequencing analysis reveals pig as the main reservoir for persistent evolution of Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen causing human salmonellosis

Zhenyu Wang; Yue Zhang; Haiyan Xu; Chao Chu; Jing Wang; Xinan Jiao; Qiuchun Li

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111007

Whole-genome sequencing analysis reveals pig as the main reservoir for persistent evolution of Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen causing human salmonellosis

Food Res Int. 2022 Apr:154:111007. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111007. Epub 2022 Feb 22.

Authors

Zhenyu Wang¹, Yue Zhang¹, Haiyan Xu², Chao Chu¹, Jing Wang¹, Xinan Jiao³, Qiuchun Li⁴

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, China.
² Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, China. Electronic address: jiao@yzu.edu.cn.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, China. Electronic address: qcli@yzu.edu.cn.

PMID: 35337567
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111007

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen is recognized as one of the most common serotypes in pigs and pig products in many countries and can be transmitted to human through the consumption of contaminated food. To reveal the genetic characteristics of S. Rissen, 39 isolates from human and animal food were subjected to whole-genome sequencing analysis combined with 337 genome sequences downloaded from the NCBI Assembly database. Core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) divided these S. Rissen isolates into two clusters, of which cluster A included 78.3% of American isolates, while cluster B was mainly composed of isolates from China, Asia, and the UK. The 39 S. Rissen isolates located in cluster B were further divided into two subclusters with cluster B-1 of 26 isolates from both humans and food, while cluster B-2 consisted of 13 isolates from animal food, mainly pork. CRISPR typing and cgMLST of the 39 isolates showed perfect correspondence to cgSNP results of their phylogenetic relationship. Virulence factors analysis revealed that ABZJ_0085 and ABZJ_0086 genes presenting in cluster B-2 were lost in cluster B-1. Additionally, antimicrobial resistance gene profiles showed qnrS1, cmlA1, and tet(M) could be detected in cluster B-2 other than cluster B-1. The findings of the divergent difference between cluster B-1 and cluster B-2 demonstrated that S. Rissen was continuously evolved through the pork production chain. In conclusion, pigs are the main reservoir for S. Rissen capable of causing human nontyphoid salmonellosis.

Keywords: CRISPR typing; Core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP); Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen (S. Rissen); Whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Humans
Phylogeny
Salmonella Food Poisoning*
Salmonella Infections*
Salmonella enterica* / genetics
Serogroup
Swine