The City Electric

Infrastructure and Ingenuity in Postsocialist Tanzania

Book Pages: 272 Illustrations: 6 illustrations Published: November 2022

Author: Michael Degani

Subjects
Globalization and Neoliberalism, Anthropology > Cultural Anthropology, African Studies

Over the last twenty years of neoliberal reform, the power supply in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania’s metropolis, has become less reliable even as its importance has increased. Though mobile phones, televisions, and refrigerators have flooded the city, the electricity required to run these devices is still supplied by the socialist-era energy company Tanesco, which is characterized by increased fees, aging infrastructure, and a sluggish bureaucracy. While some residents contemplate off-grid solutions, others repair, extend, or tap into the state network with the assistance of freelance electricians or moonlighting utility employees. In The City Electric Michael Degani explores how electricity and its piracy has become a key site for urban Tanzanians to enact, experience, and debate their social contract with the state. Moving from the politics of generation contracts down to the street-level experience of blackouts and disconnection patrols, he reveals the logics of infrastructural modification and their effects on everyday life. As politicians, residents, electricians, and utility inspectors all redistribute flows of payment and power, they reframe the energy grid both as a technical system and as an ongoing experiment in collective interdependence.

Praise

"As The City Electric so expertly shows, infrastructure then becomes a way to explore the moral economy of provisioning, from the headline grabbing corruption scandals over multi-million dollar contracts to everyday negotiations where people decide by what means, and to what extent, they will bend the rules to gain access to the electricity grid. In Degani’s hands, the channel where electricity sometimes passes and sometimes doesn’t, is an incredibly rich site for analysing movements of power more generally." — Emily Brownell, Journal of Development Studies

"Degani’s The City Electric is useful not only to energy anthropologists but also to the larger STS community. It is an outcome of meticulous research and uses persuasive English to convey its substance." — Frank Edward, Technology and Culture

"Degani’s work combines both archival and ethnographic analyses into a coherent and engaging narrative helping us to gain unique perspectives on the everyday life of neoliberalism and the post-socialist state in Tanzania. The book will be of great interest and utility to scholars interested in the critical analyses of contemporary infrastructures and for those interested in the politics of neoliberalism in the Global South more generally."

— Viswanathan Venkataraman, H-Sci-Med-Tech, H-Net Reviews

“The circuits that connect and convey, whether power or collective aspiration, stretch and bend in order to keep their shape, modified to a constantly volatile outside world and to how they are variously and not always judiciously used by rulers and ruled. In a wondrous ethnography of how Tanzanian power ecologies both conjoin and fracture, Michael Degani links the social, technical, and imaginary dimensions of infrastructure in unprecedented ways to understand what it means to exist as a socially productive nation.” — AbdouMaliq Simone, author of The Surrounds: Urban Life Within and Beyond Capture

“Michael Degani’s use of the energy sector to study the fraught and shifting relationship among citizens, the state, and public utilities is both novel and ambitious in scope, as the power grid proves a fruitful site to analyze responses to the privatization of electricity at different scales. Employing rich ethnographic observation and astute theoretical analysis to understand the complexities of Tanzanian nation building, postsocialist transformation, and day-to-day efforts to sustain urban collective life, The City Electric is a tremendous accomplishment and contribution to ethnographies of infrastructure.” — Christina Schwenkel, author of Building Socialism: The Afterlife of East German Architecture in Urban Vietnam

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Author/Editor Bios Back to Top

Michael Degani is Assistant Professor of Environmental Anthropology at Cambridge University.

Table of Contents Back to Top
Acknowledgments  ix
Introduction. Ethnography of(f) the Grid  1
1. Emergency Power: A Brief History of the Tanzanian Energy Sector  31
2. The Flickering Torch: Power and Loss after Socialism  71
3. Of Meters and Modals: Patrolling the Grid  109
4. Becoming Infrastructure: Vishoka and Self-Realization  150
Conclusion. The Ingenuity of Infrastructure  187
Notes  207
Works Cited  223
Index  247
Sales/Territorial Rights: World

Rights and licensing
Additional InformationBack to Top
Paper ISBN: 978-1-4780-1914-5 / Cloth ISBN: 978-1-4780-1650-2 / eISBN: 978-1-4780-2377-7
Funding Information
This book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem)—a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries—and the generous support of Johns Hopkins University. Learn more at the TOME website.
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