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Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication...
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Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 30263

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ahmed M. Al-Samman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Technology and Electronics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: radio channel; propagation; millimeter wave; 5G and beyond wireless systems; IoT
Dr. Tawfik Al-Hadhrami

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
Interests: internet of things; industrial control systems (ICS); cyber physical system (CPS); cyber security; wireless communications; smart cities; IoT health applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ahmad Al Shami

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science, Southern Arkansas University, Magnolia, AR, USA
Interests: computational intelligence; big data mining; process modelling; forecasting
Prof. Dr. Fuad Alnajjar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY, USA
Interests: wireless; security; ethernet; SDN; NFV

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There are a lot of limitations in studies of disaster recovery and public safety scenarios, such as battery lifetime of the relay hope, transmissions of the wireless signal to a longer distance from the relay hope, and sufficient outage probability of the relay in the edge of coverage and out of coverage area. Thus, there are a lot of solutions used to recover disasters, such as using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to provide wireless coverage to ground users. However, the source and destination node's power consumption still a challenge, as it takes a lifetime to recover and has more extended distance coverage.

To achieve a higher transmission efficiency with enhanced coverage and capacity, the deployment of UAVs has been considered as an alternative to complement the existing cellular systems. However, sub-6 GHz microwave spectrum bands heavily occupied by legacy wireless systems are insufficient to attain remarkable data rate enhancements for numerous emerging applications.

One potential solution for the spectrum crunch crisis is to use the abundance of unoccupied bandwidth available at millimetre-wave (mm-wave) frequencies, which can be used to satisfy the requirements of 5G and beyond mobile communications. Inspired by the technique potentials, mm-wave communications have also paved the way for the widespread use of UAVs to assist wireless networks for future 5G and beyond wireless applications. However, because of the limitations of the mm-wave transmission distance to recover large scale area during a disaster, it can be considered that integrating the UAV's with device to device (D2D) communication will increase the system capacity and extend the mm-wave coverage efficiency.

Researchers and developers recommend using energy harvesting techniques with clustering and multi-hop D2D communications to cover wireless source user devices. In addition, the energy effect for the user is based on the dynamics deep-learning development model to a recovery disaster. The other consideration is to recover the disaster based on the smart devices that are compatible with the Internet of Flying-Things (IOFT) and the Internet of Public Safety-Things (IOPST). All of these techniques are used with 5G for efficiency to recover disaster communications. 

This Special Issue aims to provide opportunities for researchers and practitioners to publish their latest novel work and major contributions with new methodologies and algorithm techniques toward energy-efficient and emergency communication system design for reliable communications in disaster recovery. Theoretical investigation and prototype implementation-based studies are welcomed, as the journal hopes to attract practical articles discussing new experiments or measurements techniques and interesting solutions to engineering, including negative results. Prospective authors are invited to submit original manuscripts on topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Internet of Flying-Things based on the emergency communication system.
  • UAV-assisted public safety network.
  • Mm-wave communications for emergency applications.
  • Communication challenges in the emergency communication system.
  • UAV coverage and D2D communication for disaster recovery.
  • Robotics and autonomous systems for disaster risk reduction.
  • Energy harvesting sustainable wireless sensor networks.
  • Design of intelligent energy harvesting communication systems.

Dr. Ahmed M. Al-Samman
Dr. Tawfik Al-Hadhrami
Dr. Ahmad Al Shami
Prof. Dr. Fuad Alnajjar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 452 KiB  
Article
A Novel Approach to Improve the Adaptive-Data-Rate Scheme for IoT LoRaWAN
by Yousef A. Al-Gumaei, Nauman Aslam, Mohammad Aljaidi, Ahmed Al-Saman, Ayoub Alsarhan and Adel Y. Ashyap
Electronics 2022, 11(21), 3521; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11213521 - 29 Oct 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1461
Abstract
The long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) uses the adaptive-data-rate (ADR) algorithm to control the data rate and transmission power. The LoRaWAN ADR algorithm adjusts the spreading factor (SF) to allocate the appropriate transmission rate and transmission power to reduce power consumption.The updating SF and [...] Read more.
The long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) uses the adaptive-data-rate (ADR) algorithm to control the data rate and transmission power. The LoRaWAN ADR algorithm adjusts the spreading factor (SF) to allocate the appropriate transmission rate and transmission power to reduce power consumption.The updating SF and transmission power of the standard ADR algorithm are based on the channel state, but it does not guarantee efficient energy consumption among all the nodes in complex environments with high-varying channel conditions. Therefore, this article proposes a new enhancement approach to the ADR+ algorithm at the network server, which only depends on the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The enhancement ADR algorithm ADR++ introduces an energy-efficiency controller α related to the total energy consumption of all nodes, to use it for adjusting the average SNR of the last records. We implement our new enhanced ADR at the network server (NS) using the FLoRa module in OMNET++. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed ADR++ algorithm leads to a significant improvement in terms of the network delivery ratio and energy efficiency that reduces the network energy consumption up to 17.5% and improves the packet success rate up to 31.55% over the existing ADR+ algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery)
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13 pages, 2292 KiB  
Article
Energy Efficient Underlaid D2D Communication for 5G Applications
by Lalitha Nagapuri, A. V. Prabu, Suresh Penchala, Bashir Salah, Waqas Saleem, G. Sateesh Kumar and Amira Sayed A. Aziz
Electronics 2022, 11(16), 2587; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11162587 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1842
Abstract
With the increasing importance of reduced-energy wireless communication in 5G networks, maximizing the energy efficiency of device-to-device (D2D) communication has gained a lot of research interest. But so far, the methods have only been able to address the single-cell scenario. This paper proposes [...] Read more.
With the increasing importance of reduced-energy wireless communication in 5G networks, maximizing the energy efficiency of device-to-device (D2D) communication has gained a lot of research interest. But so far, the methods have only been able to address the single-cell scenario. This paper proposes an algorithm to improve the non-convex problem in underlaid D2D communication for multiple band scenarios. In 5G wireless communications, device to device is one of the methods used for achieving better energy efficiency. It also reduces the throughput latency. The optimization problem is formulated with a derivative algorithm and proposed modified derivative algorithm. Both the algorithms are compared, and this comparison shows that the modified derivative algorithm is more efficient than the derivative algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery)
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19 pages, 1686 KiB  
Article
Predictive Wireless Channel Modeling of MmWave Bands Using Machine Learning
by Abdallah Mobark Aldosary, Saud Alhajaj Aldossari, Kwang-Cheng Chen, Ehab Mahmoud Mohamed and Ahmed Al-Saman
Electronics 2021, 10(24), 3114; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243114 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2359
Abstract
The exploitation of higher millimeter wave (MmWave) is promising for wireless communication systems. The goals of machine learning (ML) and its subcategories of deep learning beyond 5G (B5G) is to learn from the data and make a prediction or a decision other than [...] Read more.
The exploitation of higher millimeter wave (MmWave) is promising for wireless communication systems. The goals of machine learning (ML) and its subcategories of deep learning beyond 5G (B5G) is to learn from the data and make a prediction or a decision other than relying on the classical procedures to enhance the wireless design. The new wireless generation should be proactive and predictive to avoid the previous drawbacks in the existing wireless generations to meet the 5G target services pillars. One of the aspects of Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC) is moving the data processing tasks to the cellular base stations. With the rapid usage of wireless communications devices, base stations are required to execute and make decisions to ensure communication reliability. In this paper, an efficient new methodology using ML is applied to assist base stations in predicting the frequency bands and the path loss based on a data-driven approach. The ML algorithms that are used and compared are Multilelayers Perceptrons (MLP) as a neural networks branch and Random Forests. Systems that consume different bands such as base stations in telecommunications with uplink and downlink transmissions and other internet of things (IoT) devices need an urgent response between devices to alter bands to maintain the requirements of the new radios (NR). Thus, ML techniques are needed to learn and assist a base station to fluctuate between different bands based on a data-driven system. Then, to testify the proposed idea, we compare the analysis with other deep learning methods. Furthermore, to validate the proposed models, we applied these techniques to different case studies to ensure the success of the proposed works. To enhance the accuracy of supervised data learning, we modified the random forests by combining an unsupervised algorithm to the learning process. Eventually, the superiority of ML towards wireless communication demonstrated great accuracy at 90.24%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery)
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Review

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32 pages, 4160 KiB  
Review
A Survey on LoRaWAN Technology: Recent Trends, Opportunities, Simulation Tools and Future Directions
by Mukarram A. M. Almuhaya, Waheb A. Jabbar, Noorazliza Sulaiman and Suliman Abdulmalek
Electronics 2022, 11(1), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010164 - 05 Jan 2022
Cited by 95 | Viewed by 10971
Abstract
Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies play a pivotal role in IoT applications, owing to their capability to meet the key IoT requirements (e.g., long range, low cost, small data volumes, massive device number, and low energy consumption). Between all obtainable LPWAN technologies, long-range [...] Read more.
Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies play a pivotal role in IoT applications, owing to their capability to meet the key IoT requirements (e.g., long range, low cost, small data volumes, massive device number, and low energy consumption). Between all obtainable LPWAN technologies, long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) technology has attracted much interest from both industry and academia due to networking autonomous architecture and an open standard specification. This paper presents a comparative review of five selected driving LPWAN technologies, including NB-IoT, SigFox, Telensa, Ingenu (RPMA), and LoRa/LoRaWAN. The comparison shows that LoRa/LoRaWAN and SigFox surpass other technologies in terms of device lifetime, network capacity, adaptive data rate, and cost. In contrast, NB-IoT technology excels in latency and quality of service. Furthermore, we present a technical overview of LoRa/LoRaWAN technology by considering its main features, opportunities, and open issues. We also compare the most important simulation tools for investigating and analyzing LoRa/LoRaWAN network performance that has been developed recently. Then, we introduce a comparative evaluation of LoRa simulators to highlight their features. Furthermore, we classify the recent efforts to improve LoRa/LoRaWAN performance in terms of energy consumption, pure data extraction rate, network scalability, network coverage, quality of service, and security. Finally, although we focus more on LoRa/LoRaWAN issues and solutions, we introduce guidance and directions for future research on LPWAN technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery)
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28 pages, 1136 KiB  
Review
Survey of Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Models in Indoor Environments
by Ahmed Al-Saman, Michael Cheffena, Olakunle Elijah, Yousef A. Al-Gumaei, Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim and Tawfik Al-Hadhrami
Electronics 2021, 10(14), 1653; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141653 - 11 Jul 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5087
Abstract
The millimeter-wave (mmWave) is expected to deliver a huge bandwidth to address the future demands for higher data rate transmissions. However, one of the major challenges in the mmWave band is the increase in signal loss as the operating frequency increases. This has [...] Read more.
The millimeter-wave (mmWave) is expected to deliver a huge bandwidth to address the future demands for higher data rate transmissions. However, one of the major challenges in the mmWave band is the increase in signal loss as the operating frequency increases. This has attracted several research interests both from academia and the industry for indoor and outdoor mmWave operations. This paper focuses on the works that have been carried out in the study of the mmWave channel measurement in indoor environments. A survey of the measurement techniques, prominent path loss models, analysis of path loss and delay spread for mmWave in different indoor environments is presented. This covers the mmWave frequencies from 28 GHz to 100 GHz that have been considered in the last two decades. In addition, the possible future trends for the mmWave indoor propagation studies and measurements have been discussed. These include the critical indoor environment, the roles of artificial intelligence, channel characterization for indoor devices, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, and mmWave for 6G systems. This survey can help engineers and researchers to plan, design, and optimize reliable 5G wireless indoor networks. It will also motivate the researchers and engineering communities towards finding a better outcome in the future trends of the mmWave indoor wireless network for 6G systems and beyond. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery)
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29 pages, 2566 KiB  
Review
Research Challenges and Opportunities in Drone Forensics Models
by Arafat Al-Dhaqm, Richard A. Ikuesan, Victor R. Kebande, Shukor Razak and Fahad M. Ghabban
Electronics 2021, 10(13), 1519; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10131519 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 6445
Abstract
The emergence of unmanned aerial vehicles (also referred to as drones) has transformed the digital landscape of surveillance and supply chain logistics, especially in terrains where such was previously deemed unattainable. Moreover, the adoption of drones has further led to the proliferation of [...] Read more.
The emergence of unmanned aerial vehicles (also referred to as drones) has transformed the digital landscape of surveillance and supply chain logistics, especially in terrains where such was previously deemed unattainable. Moreover, the adoption of drones has further led to the proliferation of diverse drone types and drone-related criminality, which has introduced a myriad of security and forensics-related concerns. As a step towards understanding the state-of-the-art research into these challenges and potential approaches to mitigation, this study provides a detailed review of existing digital forensic models using the Design Science Research method. The outcome of this study generated in-depth knowledge of the research challenges and opportunities through which an effective investigation can be carried out on drone-related incidents. Furthermore, a potential generic investigation model has been proposed. The findings presented in this study are essentially relevant to forensic researchers and practitioners towards a guided methodology for drone-related event investigation. Ultimately, it is important to mention that this study presents a background for the development of international standardization for drone forensics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Energy-Efficient and Emergency Communication System Design for Reliable Communication in Disaster Recovery)
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